AI Chatbots Reflect Cultural Biases Can They Become Tools to Alleviate Them?

The key difference is that Google Bard is trained on a dataset that includes text from the internet, while ChatGPT is trained on a dataset that includes text from books and articles. This means that Google Bard is more likely to be up-to-date on current events, while ChatGPT is more likely to be accurate in its responses to factual questions (AlZubi et al., 2022; Rahaman et al., 2023; Rudolph et al., 2023). Renowned brands such as Duolingo and Mondly are employing these AI bots creatively, enhancing learner engagement and facilitating faster comprehension of concepts. These educational chatbots play a significant role in revolutionizing the learning experience and communication within the education sector. As for the qualitative findings, firstly, even though the perception of learning did not show much variation statistically, the EC group showed additional weightage that implicates group activities, online feedback, and interaction with the lecturer as impactful.

Chatbots can handle real-time actions as routine as a password change, all the way through a complex multi-step workflow spanning multiple applications. In addition, conversational analytics can analyze and extract insights from natural language conversations, typically between customers interacting with businesses through chatbots and virtual assistants. A chatbot is a computer program that simulates human conversation with an end user. Not all chatbots are equipped with artificial intelligence (AI), but modern chatbots increasingly use conversational AI techniques such as natural language processing (NLP) to understand user questions and automate responses to them.

It serves as an AI tutor, breaking down intricate concepts and making STEM education more approachable and enjoyable for students. The authors would like to express their gratitude to all the college students from both institutions for their invaluable participation in this project. SchoolMessenger, a communication platform for K-12 schools, has introduced a chatbot feature to facilitate parent-teacher communication. In this article, we’ll explore some of the best use cases and real-life examples of chatbots in education.

Teaching agents play the role of human teachers and can present instructions, illustrate examples, ask questions (Wambsganss et al., 2020), and provide immediate feedback (Kulik & Fletcher, 2016). On the other hand, peer agents serve as learning mates for students to encourage peer-to-peer interactions. Students typically initiate the conversation with peer agents to look up certain definitions or ask for an explanation of a specific topic. Peer agents can also scaffold an educational conversation with other human peers. The adoption of educational chatbots is on the rise due to their ability to provide a cost-effective method to engage students and provide a personalized learning experience (Benotti et al., 2018).

Your bot, the d.bot, is a certain type of bot: a scripted bot. Describe what it does and where/how it’s being used.

User-driven conversations are powered by AI and thus allow for a flexible dialogue as the user chooses the types of questions they ask and thus can deviate from the chatbot’s script. One-way user-driven chatbots use machine learning to understand what the user is saying (Dutta, 2017), and the responses are selected from a set of premade answers. In contrast, two-way user-driven chatbots build accurate answers word by word to users (Winkler & Söllner, 2018).

AI education chatbots are invaluable tools, designed to alleviate stress and enhance learning experiences. These intelligent bots are transforming the educational landscape in numerous ways, making them indispensable in modern education. The CHISM model offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating AICs, encompassing not only linguistic capabilities but also design and user experience aspects. This holistic evaluation allows for a more nuanced understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of AICs, providing valuable insights for future improvements. The model also highlights the potential of AICs in language learning, particularly in terms of providing immediate feedback, and fostering a supportive learning environment. 7, most of the articles (88.88%) used the chatbot-driven interaction style where the chatbot controls the conversation.

Authentic learning happens when a person is trying to do or figure out something that they care about — much more so than the problem sets or design challenges that we give them as part of their coursework. It’s in those moments that learners could benefit from a timely piece of advice or feedback, or a suggested “move” or method to try. So I’m currently working on what I call a “cobot” — a hybrid between a rule-based and an NLP bot chatbot — that can collaborate with humans when they need it and as they pursue their own goals. You can picture it as a sidekick in your pocket, one that has been trained at the d.school, has “learned” a large number of design methods, and is always available to offer its knowledge to you. There’s a lot of fascinating research in the area of human-robot collaboration and human-robot teams. When using a chatbot, the gathering of data and feedback from the students happens in a way that is organic and integrated into the learning experience — without the need for separate surveys or tests.

These chatbots are strategized to provide personalized learning through the concept of a virtual assistant that replicates humanized conversation. Nevertheless, in the education paradigm, ECs are still novel with challenges in facilitating, deploying, designing, and integrating it as an effective pedagogical tool across multiple fields, and one such area is project-based learning. Therefore, the present study investigates how integrating ECs to facilitate team-based projects for a design course could influence learning outcomes. Based on a mixed-method quasi-experimental approach, ECs were found to improve learning performance and teamwork with a practical impact.

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. When prompting a chatbot, ask it “What more would you need to make this interaction better?” (Chen, 2023).

Intriguingly, one article was published in Computers in Human Behavior journal. The remaining journal articles were published in several venues such as IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, Journal of Educational Psychology, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent System. Most of these journals are ranked Q1 or Q2 according to Scimago Journal and Country Rank Footnote 7. Moreover, this will provide opportunities for mentorship and collaboration between current attendees and alums.

The more context, details, and nuances you give the chatbot the more it has to work with to generate responses. For example, instead of asking “How do I write a course syllabus?”, you might instead say “I am a university instructor developing a new introductory course on genetics. Can you assist me in developing a useful and clear syllabus for first-year students? Some chatbots have options to opt out of sharing data which are described in the terms of service. Once you’ve got the answers to these questions, compare chatbot platform prices and estimate your budget.

You might first use the chatbot to help you define a project and break down the work into manageable chunks, then clarify the function or routine you want to work on. You might then use the chatbot to generate examples or suggest useful methods (Gewirtz, n.d.). Begin by telling the chatbot that you would Chat GPT like to develop a fictional short story and that you’d like its assistance in developing your ideas. Try different ways of interacting and responding to the chatbot to get a sense of its capabilities. Go to claude.ai/login and sign in with an email address or Google account to access the Claude chatbot.

This interactive technology is revolutionizing the way teachers educate and students learn. But how does it work, and why should teachers embrace this digital transformation? Let’s explore the benefits, use cases, and the top 10 chatbots for teachers in the education sector. Carnegie Mellon University https://chat.openai.com/ has developed an AI tutor called ALEKS (Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces) that provides personalized learning experiences for students. I believe the most powerful learning moments happen beyond the walls of the classroom and outside of the time boxes of our course schedules.

Educational chatbots serve as personal assistants, offering individual guidance to everyone. Through intelligent tutoring systems, these models analyze responses, learning patterns, and overall performance, fostering tailored teaching. Bots are particularly beneficial for neurodivergent people, as they address individual comprehension disabilities and adapt study plans accordingly. We use advanced encryption and follow strict data protection rules, creating a secure space to engage with the bot, assuring users of their data privacy.

EdWeek reports that, according to Impact Research, nearly 50% of teachers utilized ChatGPT for lesson planning and generated creative ideas for their classes. Digital assistants address queries and exchange information regarding lectures, assignments, or events. Furthermore, institutions leveraging chatbots witness higher conversion rates, thereby contributing to overall success. Education reaches far beyond the classroom, requiring guidance and support across the entire campus life. In this part, we will explore how AI-powered tools give a hand in learning processes, assist with homework or simplify data collection.

AI-powered chatbots can help automate assessment processes by accessing examination data and learner responses. These indispensable assistants generate specific scorecards and provide insights into learning gaps. Timely and structured delivery of such results aids students in understanding their progress, showing the areas for improvement. A systematic review follows a rigorous methodology, including predefined search criteria and systematic screening processes, to ensure the inclusion of relevant studies. This comprehensive approach ensures that a wide range of research is considered, minimizing the risk of bias and providing a comprehensive overview of the impact of AI in education. Firstly, we define the research questions and corresponding search strategies and then we filter the search results based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Generally speaking, visual UI chatbot builders are the best chatbot platforms for those with no coding skills. Despite usually being low-cost and often free, they can achieve desired outcomes for many businesses. Keep up with emerging trends in customer service and learn from top industry experts.

Adaptive Learning, Tailored to Each Student

Effective tutors may use questioning techniques, collaborative problem-solving, and personalized instruction to support their students. While Stanford provides a range of tutoring services, not all students use them regularly; students might use AI chatbots as a supplement to tutoring services. For example, users can prompt chatbots to generate explanations and analogies for concepts based on your or your students’ interests or to ask open-ended questions that encourage further thinking.

Embracing chatbots in education opens new horizons for innovative, student-centric learning approaches. Despite these insights, there remains a significant gap in the literature regarding a comprehensive understanding of teachers’ and students’ perceptions of AICs, particularly in how these perceptions influence their acceptance and effectiveness in language education. This gap is more pronounced in understanding how the design and linguistic features of AICs impact user satisfaction and engagement.

It demonstrated the power of natural language processing and machine learning algorithms in understanding complex questions and providing accurate answers. More recently, in 2016, Facebook opened its Messenger platform for chatbot development, allowing businesses to create AI-powered conversational agents to interact with users. This led to an explosion of chatbots on the platform, enabling tasks like customer support, news delivery, and e-commerce (Holotescu, 2016). Google Duplex, introduced in May 2018, was able to make phone calls and carry out conversations on behalf of users. It showcased the potential of chatbots to handle complex, real-time interactions in a human-like manner (Dinh & Thai, 2018; Kietzmann et al., 2018).

Data extraction strategy

ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, uses the Generative Pre-training Transformer (GPT) large language model. As of July 2023, it is free to those who sign up for an account using an email address, Google, Microsoft, or Apple account.

These AI technologies leverage both machine learning and deep learning—different elements of AI, with some nuanced differences—to develop an increasingly granular knowledge base of questions and responses informed by user interactions. This sophistication, drawing upon recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), has led to increased customer satisfaction and more versatile chatbot applications. It is evident that chatbot technology has a significant impact on overall learning outcomes. Specifically, chatbots have demonstrated significant enhancements in learning achievement, explicit reasoning, and knowledge retention. The integration of chatbots in education offers benefits such as immediate assistance, quick access to information, enhanced learning outcomes, and improved educational experiences. However, there have been contradictory findings related to critical thinking, learning engagement, and motivation.

You can build your bot and then publish it across 15 channels (WhatsApp, Kik, Twitter, etc.). It also offers 50+ languages, so you don’t have to worry about anything if your business is international. Your customers are most likely going to be able to communicate with your chatbot. If you want to jump straight to our detailed reviews, click on the platform you’re interested in on the list above.

Nevertheless, given the possibilities of MIM in conceptualizing an ideal learning environment, we often overlook if instructors are capable of engaging in high-demand learning activities, especially around the clock (Kumar & Silva, 2020). Chatbots can potentially be a solution to such a barrier (Schmulian & Coetzee, 2019), especially by automatically supporting learning communication and interactions (Eeuwen, 2017; Garcia Brustenga et al., 2018) for even a large number of students. Other companies explore ways they can use chatbots internally, for example for Customer Support, Human Resources, or even in Internet-of-Things (IoT) projects. The future of education chatbots holds immense potential for teachers, offering us a wealth of tools to enhance our teaching practices and create a more personalized, engaging, and supportive learning environment. These advancements will not only benefit our students but also empower us as educators, allowing us to focus more on the human connection and mentorship that are at the heart of effective teaching.

The study investigated the effect of the technologies used on performance and quality of chatbots. Concerning the platform, chatbots can be deployed via messaging apps such as Telegram, Facebook Messenger, and Slack (Car et al., 2020), standalone web or phone applications, or integrated into smart devices such as television sets. Pounce provides various essential functions, including sending reminders, furnishing relevant enrollment details, gathering survey data, and delivering round-the-clock support. The primary objective behind Pounce’s introduction was to streamline the admission process. Georgia State University has effectively implemented a personalized communication system. They introduced Pounce, a bespoke smart assistant created to actively engage admitted students.

Lerners get the opportunity to simulate diverse scenarios, such as planning future vacations, ordering coffee at a Parisian café, shopping for furniture, or inviting a friend for a hike. This implementation will ease data collection for reference and networking purposes. Using such models, institutions can engage with graduates, fostering a sense of community. For example, they can be very good at handling routine queries and qualifying leads.

We wanted AI-powered features that were deeply integrated into the app and leveraged the gamified aspect of Duolingo that our learners love. Before publishing your first chatbot, there are some tips and tricks that you should be aware of. The comprehensive list of included studies, along with relevant data extracted from these studies, is available from the corresponding author upon request. We offer this activity for you to self-assess and reflect on what you learned in this module.

What Are Educational Chatbots All About?

Furthermore, a designer should also consider chatbot’s capabilities for natural language conversation and how it can aid instructors, especially in repetitive and low cognitive level tasks such as answering FAQs (Garcia Brustenga et al., 2018). As mentioned previously, the goal can be purely administrative (Chocarro et al., 2021) or pedagogical (Sandoval, 2018). According to Schmulian and Coetzee (2019), there is still scarcity in mobile-based chatbot application in the educational domain, and while ECs in MIM has been gaining momentum, it has not instigated studies to address its implementation. Furthermore, there are also limited studies in strategies that can be used to improvise ECs role as an engaging pedagogical communication agent (Chaves & Gerosa, 2021). Besides, it was stipulated that students’ expectations and the current reality of simplistic bots may not be aligned as Miller (2016) claims that ANI’s limitation has delimited chatbots towards a simplistic menu prompt interaction.

Concurrently, it was evident that the self-realization of their value as a contributing team member in both groups increased from pre-intervention to post-intervention, which was higher for the CT group. Example flow diagrams from Textit for the design and development of the chatbot are represented in Fig. The number of choices and possible outputs determine the complexity of the chatbot where some chatbots may have simple interaction that requires them to register their groups (Fig. 2) or much more complex interaction for peer-to-peer assessment (Fig. 3). Hands-on experience using a chatbot can help you to better understand the capabilities and limitations of these tools. Try completing some of the following tasks, or the example educational use cases above, to practice using a chatbot. But this chatbot vendor is primarily designed for developers who can create bots using code.

Teaching Commons Autumn Symposium 2024

Educators can improve their pedagogy by leveraging AI chatbots to augment their instruction and offer personalized support to students. By customizing educational content and generating prompts for open-ended questions aligned with specific learning objectives, teachers can cater to individual student needs and enhance the learning experience. Additionally, educators can use AI chatbots to create tailored learning materials and activities to accommodate students’ unique interests and learning styles.

• Interestingly, the only peer agent that allowed for a free-style conversation was the one described in (Fryer et al., 2017), which could be helpful in the context of learning a language.
• Chatbot technology has evolved rapidly over the last 60 years, partly thanks to modern advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) and the availability of Large Language Models (LLMs).
• Concerning the platform, chatbots can be deployed via messaging apps such as Telegram, Facebook Messenger, and Slack (Car et al., 2020), standalone web or phone applications, or integrated into smart devices such as television sets.
• Here chatbots play an important role, as they can track progress, ensuring continuous interaction through personalized content and suggestions.
• Conversely, this is an added advantage for online learning during the onset of the pandemic.
• While studies like those of Chen et al. (2020) and Chocarro et al. (2023) have begun exploring these areas, there is a need for a more targeted framework to evaluate satisfaction with AICs in the context of language learning.

You can start with a free trial and later upgrade to the plan that best suits your business needs. Understanding why chatbots are critical in an educational context is the first step in realizing their value proposition. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. LL provided a concise overview of the existing literature and formulated the methodology. All three authors collaborated on the selection of the final paper collection and contributed to crafting the conclusion.

Criteria were determined to ensure the studies chosen are relevant to the research question (content, timeline) and maintain a certain level of quality (literature type) and consistency (language, subject area). By leveraging this valuable feedback, teachers can continuously improve their teaching methods, ensuring that students grasp concepts effectively and ultimately succeed in their academic pursuits. There are multiple business dimensions in the education industry where chatbots are gaining popularity, such as online tutors, student support, teacher’s assistant, administrative tool, assessing and generating results. It was observed that communicating merely was not the main priority anymore as cooperation towards problem-solving is of utmost importance. Example feedback is such as “I learn to push myself more and commit to the project’s success.” Nevertheless, in both groups, all the trends are almost similar. The instruments were rated based on the Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) and administered using Google Forms for both groups.

Both Applied Linguistics courses are integral components of the Teacher Education degree programs at the respective universities in Spain and the Czech Republic. These participants were being trained to become English language teachers, and the learning module on chatbot integration into language learning was strategically incorporated into the syllabus of both subjects, taught by the researchers. The choice of Spain and the Czech Republic was primarily based on convenience sampling. The two researchers involved in this study are also lecturers at universities in these respective countries, which facilitated access to a suitable participant pool. Additionally, the decision to include these two different educational settings aimed to test the applicability and effectiveness of AICs across varied contexts. The study found similar results in both settings, strengthening the argument for the broader relevance and potential of AICs in diverse educational environments.

Alumni Interaction

Such a strategy was used to ensure that the instructor could guide the students the next day if there were any issues. This study aims to investigate the effects of ECs for an Instructional Design course that applies team-based project towards learning outcomes, namely learning performance, perception of learning, need for cognition, motivation, creative self-efficacy, and teamwork. Learning performance is defined as the students’ combined scores accumulated from the project-based learning activities in this study.

Furthermore, ECs were also found to increase autonomous learning skills and tend to reduce the need for face-to-face interaction between instructors and students (Kumar & Silva, 2020; Yin et al., 2021). Conversely, this is an added advantage for online learning during the onset of the pandemic. Likewise, ECs can also be used purely for administrative purposes, such as delivering notices, reminders, notifications, and data management support (Chocarro et al., 2021).

Chatbots for learning are AI-powered digital tools designed specifically for the educational sector. These programs use artificial intelligence and natural language processing to engage with pupils, pedagogs, or administrative staff. Their primary aim is to enhance the teaching moments, streamline tasks, and provide personalized support. This paper will help to better understand how educational chatbots can be effectively utilized to enhance education and address the specific needs and challenges of students and educators. AI chatbots offer a multitude of applications in education, transforming the learning experience. They can act as virtual tutors, providing personalized learning paths and assisting students with queries on academic subjects.

Deng and Yu (2023) found that chatbots had a significant and positive influence on numerous learning-related aspects but they do not significantly improve motivation among students. Contrary, Okonkwo and Ade-Ibijola (Okonkwo & Ade-Ibijola, 2021), as well as (Wollny et al., 2021) find that using chatbots increases students’ motivation. AI systems enhance their responses through extensive learning from human interactions, akin to brain synchrony during cooperative tasks.

For example, the authors in (Fryer et al., 2017) used Cleverbot, a chatbot designed to learn from its past conversations with humans. User-driven chatbots fit language learning as students may benefit from an unguided conversation. The authors in (Ruan et al., 2021) used a similar approach where students freely speak a foreign language.

A chatbot can provide these answers in situ, helping to progress the customer toward purchase. For more complex purchases with a multistep sales funnel, a chatbot can ask lead qualification questions and even connect the customer directly with a trained sales agent. The majority of participants would use a health chatbot for seeking general health information (78%), booking a medical appointment (78%), and looking for local health services (80%). However, a health chatbot was perceived as less suitable for seeking results of medical tests and seeking specialist advice such as sexual health. ELIZA showed that such an illusion is surprisingly easy to generate because human judges are so ready to give the benefit of the doubt when conversational responses are capable of being interpreted as “intelligent”. Many studies reviewed did not use established learning theories to analyze AI chatbots, indicating a gap in how these tools are being understood from a learning perspective.

Secondly, we study selected articles and synthesize results and lastly, we report and discuss the findings. To improve the clarity of the discussion section, we employed Large Language Model (LLM) for stylistic suggestions. More recently, more educational chatbots sophisticated and capable chatbots amazed the world with their abilities. Among them, ChatGPT and Google Bard are among the most profound AI-powered chatbots. It was first announced in November 2022 and is available to the general public.

With artificial intelligence, chatbots can assist teachers in justifying their work without exhausting them too much. This, in turn, allows teachers to devote more time and attention to designing exciting lessons and providing learners with the personalized attention they deserve. These automated conversational agents (Riel, 2020) have been significantly used to replicate customer service interaction (Holotescu, 2016) in various domains (Khan et al., 2019; Wang et al., 2021) to an extent it has become a common trend (Wang et al., 2021). Additionally, speech technologies emerged as an area requiring substantial improvement, in line with previous results (Jeon et al., 2023).

Interestingly, the percentage of students that found “interaction with lecturer” and “online feedback and guidance” for the EC was higher than the control group, and this may be reflected as a tendency to perceive the chatbot as an embodiment of the lecturer. Furthermore, as for constructive feedback, the outcomes for both groups were very similar as the critiques were mainly from the teammates and the instructor, and the ECs were not designed to critique the project task. This study applies an interventional study using a quasi-experimental design approach. Creswell (2012) explained that education-based research in most cases requires intact groups, and thus creating artificial groups may disrupt classroom learning. You can foun additiona information about ai customer service and artificial intelligence and NLP. Therefore, one group pretest–posttest design was applied for both groups in measuring learning outcomes, except for learning performance and perception of learning which only used the post-test design. The EC is usually deployed for the treatment class one day before the class except for EC6 and EC10, which were deployed during the class.

However, concerns arise regarding the accuracy of information, fair assessment practices, and ethical considerations. Striking a balance between these advantages and concerns is crucial for responsible integration in education. By harnessing the power of generative AI, chatbots can efficiently handle a multitude of conversations with students simultaneously. The technology’s ability to generate human-like responses in real-time allows these AI chatbots to engage with numerous students without compromising the quality of their interactions. This scalability ensures that every learner receives prompt and personalized support, no matter how many students are using the chatbot at the same time. Three categories of research gaps were identified from empirical findings (i) learning outcomes, (ii) design issues, and (iii) assessment and testing issues.

This user-friendly option provides convenient and efficient access to information, enhancing the overall student experience and streamlining administrative processes. Whether it’s admission-related inquiries or general questions, educational chatbots offer a seamless and time-saving alternative, empowering students with instant and accurate assistance at their fingertips. Through interactive conversations, thought-provoking questions, and the delivery of intriguing information, chatbots in education captivate students’ attention, making learning an exciting and rewarding adventure.